A cikin kasa da shekaru 100, kowa zai iya kallon sama ya ga sararin sama mai kyau na dare.Miliyoyin yara ba za su taɓa ganin Milky Way a ƙasashensu ba.Ƙarawa da yaɗuwar hasken wucin gadi da daddare ba kawai yana shafar ra'ayinmu game da Milky Way ba, har ma da amincinmu, amfani da kuzari, da lafiyarmu.
Menene gurɓataccen haske?
Dukanmu mun san gurɓacewar iska, ruwa da ƙasa.Amma ko kun san cewa haske shima gurɓatacce ne?
Lalacewar haske shine rashin dacewa ko wuce kima amfani da hasken wucin gadi.Yana iya haifar da mummunan tasirin muhalli akan mutane, namun daji da yanayin mu.Gurɓataccen haske ya haɗa da:
Glare– Yawan haske mai yawa wanda zai iya haifar da rashin jin daɗi ga idanu.
Skyglow– Hasken sararin samaniya a kan wuraren da jama’a ke da yawa
Ketare haske– Lokacin da haske ya fado a inda ba a buqata ko aka nufa ba.
Rikici- Kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita don bayyana wuce kima, haske da ruɗewar ƙungiyoyin fitilu.
Harkokin masana'antu na wayewa ya haifar da gurɓataccen haske.Ana haifar da gurɓataccen haske ta hanyoyi daban-daban, waɗanda suka haɗa da hasken gini na waje da na ciki, tallace-tallace, kadarori na kasuwanci da ofisoshi, masana'antu da fitilun titi.
Yawancin fitilun waje da ake amfani da su da daddare ba su da inganci, suna da haske sosai, ba a yi niyya sosai ba, ko kuma ba su da kariya.A lokuta da yawa, su ma ba lallai ba ne.Haske da wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da su wajen samar da shi suna bata ne idan aka jefa shi cikin iska maimakon a mai da hankali kan abubuwa da wuraren da mutane ke son haskawa.
Yaya mummunan gurɓataccen haske yake?
Fiye da hasken wuta abin damuwa ne a duniya, yayin da yawancin al'ummar duniya ke rayuwa a ƙarƙashin gurɓatacciyar sararin samaniya.Kuna iya ganin wannan gurbatar yanayi idan kuna zaune a bayan gari ko birni.Ku fita da dare ku kalli sararin sama.
Bisa ga ƙaddamar da 2016 "World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness", kashi 80 cikin dari na mutane suna rayuwa a ƙarƙashin hasken dare na wucin gadi.A cikin Amurka, Turai da Asiya, kashi 99 na mutane ba za su iya samun maraice na yanayi ba!
Sakamakon gurɓataccen haske
Tsawon shekaru biliyan uku, rana, wata, da taurari ne suka halicci yanayin duhu da haske a duniya.Fitilar wucin gadi yanzu sun mamaye duhu, kuma garuruwanmu suna haskakawa da dare.Wannan ya ɓata yanayin yanayin dare da rana kuma ya canza ma'auni mai laushi a cikin muhallinmu.Yana iya zama kamar mummunan tasirin asarar wannan albarkatun ƙasa masu ban sha'awa ba za su taɓa yiwuwa ba.Ƙirar shaidar da ke da girma tana danganta haskakawar sararin sama zuwa mummunan tasirin da za a iya aunawa, ciki har da:
* Ƙara yawan amfani da makamashi
* Rage yanayin muhalli da namun daji
* cutar da lafiyar dan adam
* Laifi da aminci: sabuwar hanya
Kowane dan kasa na fama da gurbatar yanayi.Damuwar kan gurbacewar haske ya tashi matuka.Masana kimiyya, masu gida, ƙungiyoyin muhalli da shugabannin jama'a duk sun ɗauki mataki don dawo da dare.Dukkanmu za mu iya aiwatar da mafita a cikin gida, na ƙasa da kuma duniya don yaƙar gurɓataccen haske.
Lalacewar Haske & Maƙasudin Ƙarfi
Yana da kyau a san cewa ba kamar sauran nau'ikan gurɓataccen iska ba, gurɓataccen haske yana iya juyawa.Dukanmu za mu iya yin bambanci.Bai isa ya san matsalar ba.Dole ne ku ɗauki mataki.Duk wanda ke son haɓaka haskensu na waje yakamata yayi nufin samun ƙarancin kuzari.
Fahimtar cewa hasarar hasken wutar lantarki yana tallafawa ba wai kawai canzawa zuwa LEDs ba, waɗanda suka fi HIDs jagora, amma kuma yana nufin cewa rage gurɓataccen haske yana tallafawa manufofin inganci.Ana rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki ta hanyar haɗa abubuwan sarrafawa.Akwai wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su, musamman lokacin da aka ƙara hasken wucin gadi zuwa wuri mai faɗi da dare.
Daren yana da mahimmanci ga tsarin yanayin duniya.Hasken waje na iya zama mai ban sha'awa kuma ya cimma manufofin inganci yayin samar da ganuwa mai kyau.Hakanan yakamata ya rage tashin hankali na dare.
Halayen Samfurin Hasken Dark Sky
Yana iya zama da wahala a sami wanimafita haske na wajewanda shine Dark Sky Friendly.Mun tsara jeri tare da wasu fasalulluka don yin la'akari, dacewar su ga Duhun Sama, da kumaVKS samfurinwanda ya hada da su.
Yanayin Launi Mai Daidaitawa (CCT)
Kalmar chromaticity tana kwatanta kaddarorin haske wanda ya dogara akan hue da jikewa.CCT gajarta ce ta chromaticity cods.Ana amfani da shi don kwatanta launin tushen haske ta hanyar kwatanta shi da tsawon tsawon hasken da ke fitowa daga na'urar baƙar fata mai zafi har zuwa inda ake samar da haske mai gani.Za a iya amfani da zafin iska mai zafi don daidaita tsayin hasken da ke fitowa.Madaidaicin zafin launi kuma ana san shi da CCT.
Masu samar da hasken wuta suna amfani da ƙimar CCT don samar da cikakken ra'ayi na yadda "dumi" ko "sanyi" hasken ke fitowa daga tushen.Ana bayyana ƙimar CCT a cikin digiri na Kelvin, wanda ke nuna zafin radiyon jikin baƙar fata.Ƙananan CCT shine 2000-3000K kuma yana bayyana orange ko rawaya.Yayin da yanayin zafi ke ƙaruwa, bakan yana canzawa zuwa 5000-6500K wanda yake da sanyi.
Me yasa aka fi amfani da CCT mai dumi don Dark Sky Friendly?
Lokacin zance haske, yana da mahimmanci a ƙididdige tsayin raƙuman raƙuman raƙuman raƙuman ruwa saboda ana ƙayyade tasirin hasken fiye da yadda ake gane launi.Tushen CCT mai dumi zai sami ƙaramin SPD (Rarraba wutar lantarki) da ƙarancin haske cikin shuɗi.Hasken shuɗi na iya haifar da ƙuri'a da skyglow saboda guntun igiyoyin haske na shuɗin shuɗi suna da sauƙin watsawa.Wannan kuma na iya zama matsala ga tsofaffin direbobi.Hasken shuɗi batu ne na tattaunawa mai tsanani kuma mai gudana game da tasirinsa akan mutane, dabbobi da shuke-shuke.
Samfuran VKS tare da Dumi CCT
Lenses tare daCikakken Yankewada Diffus (U0)
Dark Sky Friendly Lighting yana buƙatar cikakken yankewa ko fitowar hasken U0.Menene ma'anar wannan?Cikakkun yankewa wani lokaci ne wanda ya tsufa, amma har yanzu yana fassara ra'ayin daidai.Ƙimar U wani ɓangare ne na ƙimar BUG.
IES ta haɓaka BUG a matsayin hanya don ƙididdige yawan hasken da ke fitowa a cikin kwatancen da ba a yi niyya ba ta hanyar hasken waje.BUG gajarta ce don Hasken Baya da Glare.Waɗannan ƙimar duk mahimman bayanai ne na aikin mai haske.
Hasken baya da kyalkyali sun zama wani yanki na tattaunawa mafi girma game da keta haske da gurɓataccen haske.Amma bari mu kalli Uplight.Hasken da ke fitowa sama, sama da layin digiri 90 (0 yana ƙasa kai tsaye), kuma sama da hasken wutar lantarki shine Uplight.Sharar haske ne idan bai haskaka wani takamaiman abu ko saman ba.Haske yana haskaka sararin sama, yana ba da gudummawa ga skyg in yana haskakawa daga gajimare.
Ma'aunin U zai zama sifili (sifili) idan babu haske a sama kuma an yanke hasken gaba ɗaya a digiri 90.Mafi girman ƙima mai yuwuwa shine U5.Ƙimar BUG baya haɗa da hasken da ke fitowa tsakanin digiri 0-60.
Hasken Ruwa na VKS tare da Zaɓuɓɓukan U0
Garkuwa
An tsara Luminaires don bin tsarin rarraba haske.Ana amfani da tsarin rarraba haske don inganta hangen nesa da dare a wurare kamar hanyoyi, tsaka-tsaki, hanyoyi, da hanyoyi.Ka yi tunanin tsarin rarraba hasken a matsayin tubalan ginin da ake amfani da su don rufe wuri da haske.Kuna iya haskaka wasu wurare ba wasu ba, musamman a wuraren zama.
Garkuwan suna ba ku damar siffata haske gwargwadon buƙatunku ta hanyar toshewa, garkuwa ko sake jagorantar haske mai haske a takamaiman yankin haske.An tsara fitilolin mu na LED don ɗaukar sama da shekaru 20.A cikin shekaru 20, abubuwa da yawa na iya canzawa.Da shigewar lokaci, ana iya gina sabbin gidaje, ko kuma ana buƙatar sare bishiyoyi.Ana iya shigar da garkuwa a lokacin shigarwar hasken wuta ko kuma daga baya, don amsa canje-canje a yanayin hasken.An rage Skyglow ta hanyar cikakken kariya ta hasken U0, wanda ke rage adadin hasken da ya watse a cikin yanayi.
Kayayyakin VKS tare da Garkuwa
Dimming
Dimming na iya zama mafi mahimmancin ƙari ga hasken waje don rage gurɓataccen haske.Yana da sassauƙa kuma yana da yuwuwar adana wutar lantarki.Duk layin VKS na samfuran hasken waje ya zo tare da zaɓin direbobi masu lalacewa.Kuna iya rage fitowar haske ta hanyar rage yawan wutar lantarki da akasin haka.Dimming hanya ce mai kyau don kiyaye kayan aiki iri ɗaya da kuma rage su gwargwadon buƙata.Rage fitulu ɗaya ko fiye.Dim fitilu don nuna ƙarancin zama ko yanayi.
Kuna iya rage samfurin VKS ta hanyoyi guda biyu.Kayayyakin mu sun dace da duka 0-10V dimming da DALI dimming.
Samfuran VKS tare da Dimming
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-09-2023
